Power Distribution Module Form Factor

ABSTRACT

A modular form factor power module system with monitoring and control functions is disclosed. The power module system is configured to power, monitor and/or control telecommunications equipment at the circuit level.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.61/215,990, filed May 5, 2009, which is incorporated herein byreference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The following disclosure relates generally to power module systems fortelecommunications equipment. More specifically, the disclosure relatesin some aspects to power module systems including power modules withmonitoring and control functions.

BACKGROUND

Remote telecommunications sites (e.g., cellular sites) have presented achallenge during power system upgrades and repair. Previoustelecommunications site enclosures have been difficult to upgrade andmanage as their non-modular power systems made access to equipmentinside the enclosure difficult to remove/repair/upgrade. This is ofparticular concern during servicing of an enclosure at a remotelocation.

In addition, many remote telecommunications sites are now subject to newregulations governing the required duration of backup power for cellularphone operations. Specifically, various functions or essential equipmentneed to continue to operate in the event of a power failure. Existingbackup power installations lack the flexibility and control needed todynamically manage power during a commercial power failure.

SUMMARY

This application describes a dynamic power module system fortelecommunications enclosures with monitoring and control functions. Thepower module system has the ability to, among other things, power,monitor and control telecommunications equipment at the circuit level.In addition, the power module system provides a modular capability toallow easy removal, repair, and upgrade.

This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailedDescription. This Summary is not intended to identify key or essentialfeatures of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used asan aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The detailed description refers to the accompanying figures. In thefigures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies thefigure in which the reference number first appears. The use of the samereference numbers in different figures indicates similar or identicalitems.

FIG. 1 is a signal flow diagram illustrating an exampletelecommunications equipment enclosure with a power distribution modulesystem.

FIG. 2 is a signal flow diagram illustrating contents of an exemplarypower module system.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an exemplary telecommunicationsequipment enclosure.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a rack including an exemplary powermodule system, an AC distribution system, a bus bar and rectifierdrawer.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an exemplary rectifier usable with thepower module system of FIGS. 1-4.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an exemplary power module usable withthe power module system of FIGS. 1-4.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a rack including an exemplary powermodule system, an AC distribution system, a bus bar and rectifierdrawer.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a portion of a back side of a backplateof a rack unit illustrating an exemplary connection interface.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an exemplary bus bar usable with thepower module system of FIGS. 1-4.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the contents of an exemplarypower module.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of acontrol system.

FIG. 12 is a flow chart of an exemplary method of heat distributionwithin an enclosure in on a cold day.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart of an exemplary method of heat distributionwithin an enclosure in on a hot day.

FIG. 14 is flow chart of an exemplary method of configuring atelecommunications equipment enclosure.

FIG. 15 flow chart of an exemplary method of dynamic power distributionupon detection of a trip event.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary light emittingdiode (LED) illumination system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As discussed above, upgrading and maintaining telecommunication sitepower systems is a time consuming and costly endeavor due to thenon-modular construction of traditional telecommunications enclosurepower systems. Specifically, previous power systems included non-modularhard-coded power systems (e.g. breakers/fuses) in the enclosure thatmade upgrade and repair difficult or impossible.

A dynamic, modular power distribution system having multiple powerdistribution modules (hereinafter “power modules”) with monitoring andcontrol functions is disclosed. The modularity of the power modulesystem provides economy and flexibility via rack mounted power modules.For instance, each module may be pre-configured for a variety ofapplications such as power metering, local connection and disconnection,remote actuation, etc.

This modularity offers “plug and play” installation and allows easyreconfiguration simply by swapping out modules as needed for a givenload, in contrast to the hard coding of specific power system componentsin a traditional telecommunications equipment enclosure. Thus,modularity permits easy and flexible configuration during anupgrade/repair without rewiring the telecommunications equipmentconnections. In other words, the modularity permits a singletelecommunications equipment enclosure to be configured to meet avariety of service applications and loads.

In one embodiment, modularity may be via wired connections on the powermodules and connection interfaces on the rack unit. These features alloweasy configuration and re-configuration of the enclosure by swapping outpower modules. The connection interfaces are pre-wired to accommodate aplurality of different telecommunications equipment, which eliminatestime consuming re-wiring during upgrade/repairs.

Also, as discussed above, telecommunications sites have previouslylacked dynamic power distribution systems. Specifically, existingtelecommunications sites have either lacked a power management systemaltogether or they have had inefficient power management systems. In thelatter case, previous systems have lacked the ability to monitor andconnect/disconnect telecommunications equipment at the circuit level.Rather, power management decisions were typically made at a remotecontrol center. The ability to monitor and connect/disconnect thetelecommunications equipment at the circuit level provides a fine-levelof granularity of dynamic power management previously unattainable.Moreover, it was not previously possible to make intelligent decisionsand turn equipment on/off at the circuit level locally.

Power module systems described herein employ dynamic power modules withmonitoring and control functions. In various embodiments, the powermodule system has the ability to power, monitor and controltelecommunications equipment at the circuit level. Specifically, thepower module system described herein presents a protocol agnosticinterface. This is in contrast with traditional power management methodswhich have used connections from an I/O board of the controller todirectly interface to the unit of telecommunications equipment. Thisinterface method is complicated, expensive and inflexible. Specifically,specialized and sometimes proprietary protocols and hardware (such ascontroller board designs) previously had to be used to interface thecontroller to each different piece of telecommunications equipment andeach different source of power.

Some embodiments of the modular power system described herein alsoprovide cost savings relative to existing power management equipment.The modular power system's ability to monitor telecommunicationsequipment, allow the modular power system to consider the power usage ofa unit of telecommunications equipment at the circuit level. Thisinformation gives the system detailed information on the amount of powereach specific unit is consuming, which in turn allows fine-granularityof “dynamic” decisions to be based on circuit level information that waspreviously unavailable. For example, the power modular system maymonitor and turn off only specific units that are unnecessarilyconsuming power, or may charge batteries or other power sources duringoff-peak hours.

Dynamic power management also allows for response to equipment failure.One such instance is if an air conditioner in the telecommunicationequipment enclosure fails. If the air conditioner fails, the equipmentwithin the telecommunications equipment enclosure may be in danger ofover heating. However, a dynamic modular power system is able to monitorthe temperature inside the enclosure, and turn off the appropriateequipment in a particular order of importance, in order to maintain anappropriate temperature inside the enclosure.

The dynamically managed distribution systems described herein may alsobe applicable during a power outage at a remote telecommunications site.For example, essential equipment such as cellular radios need to beoperated as long as possible while on backup power, while othernon-essential equipment may be shut down. Dynamically manageddistribution systems described herein are usable to power downnon-essential equipment and divert remaining battery power to theessential equipment.

In addition, during a commercial power failure, that the dynamic powersystems described herein may allow the cellar site to not only poweritself, but also to make management decisions locally. For example,during a commercial power failure, communications with an off-siteremote operations center may also fail. A point of local control allowsthe system to continue to run, and even adapt to changing conditionswithout communicating with a remote operations center.

However, if communication with the remote operations center is possible,a dynamic power distribution system, such as described herein, can offerenhanced power management options. For instance, the power distributionsystem may monitor the on-site telecommunications equipment whose statusmay be sent to a remote operations center. In response, the remoteoperations may aggregate and profile the information and may sendinstructions back to the power distribution system. These instructionsmay enhance a controller's ability to make decisions. For instance, theremote operations center may instruct the controller to turn offappropriate telecommunications equipment during the times of peak powerprices. Alternatively, the remote operations may coordinate control ofthe power management system in concert with power management systems atother remote telecommunications sites (e.g., to manage a coverage area).

The implementations above are described in the context of power modulesystems for accommodating the circuit level needs of telecommunicationequipment at a remote telecommunications site. However, theimplementations described herein may be used in other environments andare applicable to other contexts such as local sites (e.g., utilitytransmission and/or distribution sites) and may be used with otherelectrical, mechanical, computer or a variety of other equipment.

Illustrative Architecture of a Modular Power System

FIG. 1 illustrates an illustrative architecture 100 of an enclosure 102with a power module system 110 according to one exemplaryimplementation. As illustrated, FIG. 1 shows a non-limiting example of atelecommunications equipment enclosure 102 (herein enclosure).

In this non-limiting embodiment, enclosure 102 houses a plurality ofequipment powered by utility power 126. Utility power 126 is typicallyAC power ranging from 110 volts to 240 volts and may be connected toterminal 104 via a transfer switch. The transfer switch may also beconnected to an on-site generator, batteries, fuel cell stack, solararray, wind turbines, and/or other source of back-up power. Terminalblock 104 is in turn connected internally in enclosure 102 to an ACdistribution system 106. The AC distribution system 106 splits the ACpower form the terminal block and provides incoming and outgoing powerprotection. For instance, the outgoing power may include feeds torectifier(s) 108 or AC outlets (not shown) which may be used to powerequipment that runs on AC power.

Rectifier(s) 108 serves to convert the AC utility power 126 into DCpower to supply one or more pieces of telecommunications equipment. Oneexample of a rectifier system is the Powerware product line availablefrom Eaton, Inc. of Cleveland, Ohio. Connected to the rectifier(s) 108is power module system 110. Power module system 110 serves to providecircuit level control of telecommunications equipment in a convenientand modular manner. More specifically, the power module system 110comprises a pre-wired connection on both a power module and a rack unitwhich serves to eliminate the need for re-wiring/reconnectingtelecommunications equipment when a power module is changed. In otherwords, the telecommunications equipment, rectifier and controller remainconnected to the rack unit connection interface, while a plurality ofpower distribution modules conveniently are interchangeably docked withthe rack unit connection interface via a pre-wired modular enclosureconnection. Each power distribution module may feature monitoring andcontrol functions. This allows modular circuit level control with aminimum of installation/configuration cost.

In turn, the power module system 110 may be connected to a bus bar 112or other connection. Bus bar 112 serves to isolate a circuit comprisinga rectifier, a power module and a load 114 (e.g., cellular radio orother telecommunications equipment) via a load bar. Thus, the bus bar112 serves as a circuit isolation mechanism to prevent electricalinterference between various circuits. As shown, the bus bar 112 mayalso be connected to batteries 118 to provide back-up power.

Controller system 122 may be connected to rectifier(s) 108, power modulesystem 110, bus bar 112, cooling units 120, and batteries 118. Thecontroller system 122 provides intelligent decision making capabilityfor the circuit level control of the loads 114. In addition, controllersystem 122 may process and make decisions based on information from thecomponents it is connected to. For instance, the controller system mayactivate an air conditioner via modular circuit level control based onreceived temperature readings. The control system may also be connectedto the Internet to send/receive instructions etc.

FIG. 2 is a signal flow diagram illustrating, in greater detail, thecontents of the exemplary enclosure including an exemplarytelecommunications equipment power module system 110. In thisnon-limiting example, telecommunications equipment enclosure 102 housesa rack (not shown). In this non-limiting example, rack in turn housesrack unit 202, controller system 122 and load 114. In other embodiments,controller system 122 and load 114 may be in another rack enclosed inenclosure 102 or even placed outside of the enclosure 102.

Rack unit 202 may be configured with a connection interface 212. In oneembodiment, the connection interface is on a backplane of the rack unit202. The connection interface is a prewired connection on rack unit 202(further illustrated in FIG. 8). The connection interface 212 isconfigured to couple with various equipment in the enclosure on thebackside of the rack unit, and also simultaneously configured to couplewith a wired connection in on the backside of power module 204 upondocking with the power module's wired connection 206.

In one non-limiting example, the connection interface 212 is configuredto couple with control system 122 and load 114 rectifier 108. Inaddition, bus 112 serves to connect the connection interface to load114. In this illustration, external (off-site) AC power is transformedto DC power via rectifier 108 as DC power 214. DC power 214 is thenrouted to connection interface 212 and to the bus 112. When a modularenclosure containing a switch is docked with connection interface 212, aswitch or fuse, housed within power module 204 may complete a circuitbetween a power source and load. This provides an agnostic circuit levelcontrol of each unit of telecommunications equipment.

The controller system 122 may additionally or alternatively beprogrammed to operate environmental systems, site access (security)systems, fire or water detection and/or prevention systems, ventilationsystems, generators or any other device that can be operated viaconnecting/disconnecting the switch from a power input.

Connection interface 212 may also serve as an interface for data. In asimilar manner to power, the connection interface may serve as apre-wired interface point for controller system 122. FIG. 2 illustratesconnection interface 212 coupled to controller system 122 via controlconnection 216. In addition, connection interface 212 may serve toconnect the controller 122 to a monitor such as monitor 208 in themodular enclosure (or in other locations) via the pre-wired connectioninterface 212 and wired connection 206.

Monitor 208 may monitor the power consumption of a single unit oftelecommunications equipment (load 114) or a plurality oftelecommunications equipment units. This is accomplished when the powermodule 204 is docked to the connection interface 214 via the wiredconnection 206. This enables the controller system 122 to monitor andconnect/disconnect power from the telecommunications equipment at thecircuit level via bus bar 112. Monitor 208 may also receive informationfrom sensors such as temperature sensors, network traffic monitors,battery power level sensors, weather sensors and/or other sensingdevices via the pre-wired connection and send data to controller system122 via data connection 216. In addition, sensors may be directly wiredto controller system 122, and external sensors may be interfaced withcontroller system 122 via I/O interface board 326. I/O interface board326 is pre-cabled to controller 122 so that external devices can beadded to the system without complexity. According to the preferredembodiment of the present invention, I/O interface board 326 usescommonly used “RJ” style connectors so that external devices cancommunicate to controller 122 with either discrete analog and digitalcircuits, or via a communications protocol. The communications protocolcan be proprietary or any common method, including but not limited to,RS-485, RS-232, SNMP, Ethernet, or the like. The result is that externaldevices can be managed and upgraded without having to rewire andconfigure the base system.

The controller system 122 may also be in wired or wireless communicationwith a network control center via a network interface to give specificcontrol of the telecommunications equipment connected to the interfaceconnection during such events as major storms, electrical loadmanagement, network management traffic management functions, etc.

Controller 122 may continuously or periodically update a remoteoperations center of enclosure 102's status such as power consumption,network traffic, environmental conditions, etc. The remote operationscenter may also give instructions to controller 122 such as when toconnect/disconnect specific equipment. In one example, communicationwith the remote operations center may be via a network protocol, such asTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). An ability tocommunicate via TCP/IP allows the use of network security, subnet maskand Media Access Control (MAC) addressing with browser security levelsup to the Really Simple Syndication (RSS) based. Communication is viaSimple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) traps, Short Message Service(SMS) via dial out modem (GSM), Universal Serial Bus (USB) for localaccess, and Ethernet TCP/IP network.

Thus, the controller system 122's agnostic ability to connect/disconnectequipment and the ability to monitor equipment at the circuit levelprovides dynamic power distribution capability regardless of the brandor model of equipment used. Additionally, the controller is able toidentify which units of telecommunications equipment (e.g., which radiosor environmental systems) are drawing power on each circuit.

Rack unit 202 may house power module 204 in a modular manner. A varietyof rails, fasteners and other means are available to easily secure andunsecure the power module with the rack unit. In addition, the pre-wireddata/power connection via wired connection 206 and connection interface212 provides a quick and efficient structure to allowconnection/disconnection of data and power to each power module.

As discussed above, the interface connection 212 serves as an interfacefor a variety of power and data equipment which provides a plug and playswap capability. The connection interface 212 makes re-wiringunnecessary when a new power module is docked to the connectioninterface.

Power module 204 is a swappable modular unit that docks within rack unit202. When docked within the rack unit, the wired connection on the powermodule selectively couples with the connection interface 212 in the rackunit 202. Power and data connections between the rack unit via theconnection interface 212 and the power module may be via a wiredconnection 206.

The power module is thus easily replaceable with other modularenclosures housing a variety of different components. A user need onlydock a different power module into the connection interface.

In one embodiment, power module 204 may enclose a switch 210 and monitor208 coupled to wired connection 206. Upon docking with the connectioninterface in the rack unit via the wired connection, a power and/or datacircuit may be formed when the switch 210 is activated.

In addition, controller system 122 may be used to control actuation andconnection/reconnection of the switch. The controller system 122 may bein communication with both the switch 210 and monitor 208 via theconnection interface 212 and wired connection 206.

The power module may house a variety of components. This permits circuitlevel application specific modularity without connecting/disconnectingthe loads connected to the rack unit via the connection interface 212.For instance, the power module may include components to enable DC powerprotection, remote actuated breaker control, circuit power measuring,low voltage battery disconnect functionally, low and high power alarmsand other functionality.

In other embodiments, a power module may house three switches whichprovide three separate circuits for three different telecommunicationsequipment units. In other embodiments, the modular enclosure may house aplurality of monitors to monitor temperature and/or a specific circuitcurrent a unit of telecommunications equipment is consuming.

Some illustrative examples of power module configurations include:

-   -   2-position single-pole circuit breaker—up to 100 amp total        maximum output—no shunt.    -   2-position single-pole circuit breaker—up to 100 amp total        maximum output—with shunt.    -   2-position single-pole circuit breaker, contactor fed—up to 100        amp total maximum output—no shunt.        -   Up to 2 battery strings, low-voltage disconnect module, up            to 100 amps maximum—2 each 100 amp circuit breakers.    -   Remote operated load isolation/disconnect, 2-position        single-pole circuit breaker, contactor fed—up to 100 amp total        maximum output—with shunt.    -   10-position GMT fuse module, 15 amps per position, with load and        return terminal on module front.

Yet other embodiments may include various other components within thepower module to provide a variety of application specific modularenclosures including enclosures for:

-   -   Basic single circuit distribution, load circuit breaker or TPC        or TLS/TPS fuse block.    -   Basic single circuit distribution with current monitoring and        load circuit breaker or TPC or TLS/TPS fuse block.    -   Basic dual circuit distribution, load circuit breakers or TPC or        TLS/TPS fuse block.    -   Basic dual circuit distribution with current monitoring and load        circuit breakers or TPC or TLS/TPS fuse block.    -   Dual circuit distribution with current monitoring circuit        breakers or TPC or TLS/TPS fuse block and disconnect.    -   Battery disconnect, 2 strings, 100 amps per, with circuit        breakers or TPC or TLS/TPS fuse block.    -   Battery disconnect, 2 strings, 100 amps per, with circuit        breakers or TPC or TLS/TPS fuse block and electrical disconnect.    -   Battery disconnect, 1 strings, 200 amps per, with circuit        breakers or TPC or TLS/TPS fuse block.    -   Battery disconnect, 1 strings, 200 amps per, with circuit        breakers or TPC or TLS/TPS fuse block and electrical disconnect.    -   Basic module with 10 position GMT fuse block and termination        strip    -   Load Isolation module with dual 100 amp disconnects, dual        shunts.

FIG. 3 illustrates an illustrative enclosure 300 with a power modulesystem 110 according to one exemplary implementation. The enclosure 300comprises a plurality of panels which enclose a rack 202. The enclosure300 may also comprise a frame or other structural support. Here, theenclosure 300 features at least one panel configured to serve as a door304. Door 304 serves to provide access to the equipment inside theenclosure. Attached to the door is a laptop tray 302.

The non-limiting illustration of FIG. 3 also includes a sub-panel 306 ondoor 304. Sub-panel 306 may be used to limit access to a smaller area ofthe interior as opposed to the area accessible via door 304. Door 304may also comprise a panel mounted device 308. The panel mounted devicemay be, but is not limited to, environmental systems such as anauxiliary air cooling system or direct air cooling, air conditionerunits, and/or heat exchangers, as well as alarms, monitoring systemsand/or batteries. Environmental systems attached to the enclosure can beclosed or open systems.

When closed, door 304 covers an opening of the enclosure. Weatherstripping or other sealing material may extend substantially around theopening so that when the door 304 is closed, the enclosure provides asubstantially weather-tight enclosure that protects the contents of theenclosure from the weather. Thus, the enclosure of FIG. 1 is suitablefor use as an outdoor enclosure. Sub-panel 306 and lid 322 may havesimilar features. The door and sub-panel may be either doors, hatches orother suitable means of entry. Different locks may be on the provided onthe access panel, on the sub-panel and the lid to restrict access to thedifferent areas with the aid of dividers (discussed below).

In another embodiment, removable lid 322 may also feature a door 324covering an input/output (I/O) board 326. The lid may also be removedaltogether to allow 360 degree access to the contents in the top sectionof the enclosure 300.

Enclosure 300 may also be divided into several areas. The first area 314and second area 316 are created by divider 310. A third area 318 iscreated by divider 312. The dividers may be used to create multipleenvironmentally distinct areas to suite specific needs of equipmentstored in different areas via restriction of airflow between thedifferent areas. The restriction may be absolute or may be substantiallyairtight. Although the dividers in FIG. 3 are shown creating near equalsizes of chambers, the dividers may be mounted in any location withinthe enclosure to create suitable spaces for the equipment mountedwithin. In other examples, the areas may be in communication with eachother and may include fans or cooling equipment to control airflow andtemperature between the areas.

In one embodiment, one area may have direct air cooling and another areamay be a sealed closed-loop air conditioned environment. This isaccomplished by allocating a dedicated panel-mounted device 308 to aspecific area such as in FIG. 3. In this embodiment, the first and thirdareas are isolated from the second area via the dividers to suit theenvironmental needs of equipment housed within each area. Here, thesecond area is serviced by a panel mounted device 308 (e.g. an Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) device) while the other areasare not. However, in other embodiments, a panel mounted device 308 mayinfluence the environment of both areas 314 and 318 (discussed below).

In one embodiment, an environmentally separate area, which houses thebatteries, is kept at approximately 70 degrees Celsius by the panelmounted device 108. The another environmentally separate area housing arectifier, controller system and various switches and breakers invarious modular enclosures may be kept at approximately 50 degreesCelsius by a direct air heat exchanger, a closed loop heat exchanger, acompression cycle refrigeration system, direct air cooling system,and/or a thermal electric cooler (now shown). In this embodiment, thedivider may be made of insulating material to prevent cooling/heatingeffects affecting separated areas of the enclosure.

In another embodiment, multiple panel-mounted devices are allocated to afirst area, while other panel-mounted devices are allocated to secondarea, while yet another panel-mounted device is shared by the two areas.These may include an environmental monitoring system, an alarm, an airconditioner or the like. This is accomplished with connections thatconnect the two areas together such an air duct, data cable, etc.

As discussed above, upon creation of multiple areas inside theenclosure, a sub-panel mounted on the door 304, may restrict access toan area to unauthorized users while permitting full access to theenclosure contents to authorized users.

For example, in FIG. 3, access to area 318 may be given to authorizedusers while access to areas 314 and 316 may be restricted from saidusers. Thus, users with authorization to access each of the three areasof the enclosure are given access to door 304. Users with access to area318 may only open sub-panel 306. This is accomplished by configuring thedoor and sub-panels with different locks.

Another security feature that may be implemented is monitoring activityinside the enclosure 300. Monitors may monitor activity inside theenclosure for certain trip events. For example, if a circuit breaker istripped a pre-determined number of times, certain equipment within theenclosure may be locally or remotely disabled. In addition, upondetection of a trip event, the equipment inside the enclosure may notifya remote control center of the event via wired or wireless connections.The remote control center may then reactivate the equipment if desiredvia controller system 112 and the power module system 110. In oneembodiment, a user with limited access to only the equipment accessiblevia sub-panel 106 is subject to equipment shut down. For instance, theequipment shut down if the user trips a circuit breaker a predeterminednumber of times. The shut down may also be subject to a time limit(e.g., equipment reactivates in ten minutes).

In FIG. 3, enclosure 300 is illustrated as enclosing a power modulesystem 110. The power module system 110 in this non-limiting examplecomprises a power module 204 and a rack unit 202. Rack unit 202 may bemounted in rack 320 which may house the power module system, rectifiers,controller system and/or other telecommunications equipment. A varietyof rails, walls and fasteners can be used to secure the power modulewithin the rack unit and the rack unit within the rack.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, rack 320 is used to house rack unit 202. Rackunit 202 features a connection interface (further discussed below). Theconnection interface may be used as a telecommunicationsequipment/controller system and may include a pre-wired interface. Morespecifically, the connection interface serves to eliminate the need forre-wiring/reconnecting telecommunications equipment when a modularenclosure is changed. In other words, the telecommunications equipmentand other desired devices remain connected to the connection interface,while a plurality of power modules are interchangeably docked with theconnection interface via a wired connection on the power modules.

Docking between the connection interface and the power module presentsthe capability of “plug and play” installation of any desired powermodule. In one embodiment, power modules house switches. The ability tomodularity install and interchange the modules, eliminates the necessityof hard coding such equipment as breakers and fuses into an enclosure.

The Power Module System

FIG. 3 illustrates a power module system 110 in an enclosure. Inaddition, FIG. 4 illustrates a close-up view of the power module system110 and portions of rack 320. In this non-limiting example, rack unit202 has dimensions of one rack unit (1U), however other dimensions arealso possible. The rack serves to house a power module 204 (see alsoFIG. 6) within one unit of the rack. Thus, a total of four power unitsmay be stored in the illustrated version of rack unit 202. The otherunits of the rack serve to house a plurality of modular enclosures. Inthis example, a unit is approximately 1.75 inches in height andapproximately 19 inches in depth. Various ranges are also contemplated.In one embodiment, a range of +/−five inches is embodied. In oneembodiment, a 19 inch wide rack may accommodate approximately fourmodule slots for four modular enclosures. In another embodiment, a 23inch wide rack may be used. This may accommodate approximately fivemodule slots for five modular enclosures. Other rack and enclosuredimensions may also be used.

FIG. 4 also illustrates bus bar 140, a rectifier drawer 402 and an ACdistribution system 404. In a manner similar to the power module system,the rectifier drawer and controller system can offer similarplug-and-play functionality to allow swapping of rectifiers and/orcontrollers via a pre-wired connection. Rectifier modules (see FIG. 5)are commercially available in different voltages, current capacities,and efficiencies. In one embodiment, it is possible to run differentvoltages in different drawers for applications that require multiple DCvoltages to be supplied (e.g., 12 volt and 24 volt systems).

FIG. 7 shows the back side of rectifier drawer 402, power module system110, AC distribution system 404 and controller drawer 406. In thisembodiment, the rectifier shelf 402, power module system 110 andcontroller drawer 406 feature the modular capability. Specifically, therectifier drawer, the rack unit of the power module system and thecontroller drawer each feature a connection interface. As discussedpreviously, the pre-wired connection interface connects the rectifierdrawer to the AC distribution 106, the rectifier shelf to the rectifiers108 and the controller drawer to cooling units 120, rectifiers 108 andthe power module system 110. The pre-wired connection interface alsoconnects the rectifier drawer, the rack unit of the power module systemand the controller drawer to a rectifier module, a power module and acontroller module/board, respectively. Also discussed above, thesepre-wired connections may be made in the same manner that wiredconnections 206 and connection interface 212 were illustrated in FIG. 2.

FIG. 8 in particular illustrates a portion of the back side of abackplane 800 of rack unit 202. The illustrated power/data connectors ofthe connection interface 212 are configured to engage into acorresponding wired connection 206 of a power module 204 in a modularfashion. This allows convenient interchangeability of various powermodules 204 into and out of rack unit 202. In this embodiment ofconnection interface 206, data connectors 804 and power connectors 802provide a module interface for data and power to wired connection 206,which would feature corresponding connectors to mate with dataconnectors 804 and power connectors 802. The power connection is madevia power pins 802, wherein two or three of the pins can be used. Forbreaker type modules, two of the pins are used, For GMT style modules,wherein loads may be directly coupled to module 204, the third pin isused for the common side of the circuit. Signal pins 804 provide controland data signals between controller 122 and power module 204. Thecombination of power and signal pins within a single connector providesimproved usability and reliability over using multiple connectors.

FIG. 9 illustrates the bus bar system as discussed above in more detail.The power module system 110 may be connected to the bus bar 112. Bus bar112 serves to centrally isolate a circuit comprising a rectifier and aload 114 (e.g., cellular radio or other telecommunications equipment)via a load bar. Thus, bus bar 112 serves as a circuit isolationmechanism to prevent electrical interference between rectifier/loadcircuits. In one embodiment, power module system 110 is connected toload bars 900. Each load bar 900 may be reserved for a single powermodule. Each power module load bar 900 is connected to a common bar 902.Common bar 902 is connected to a rectifier reserved for a single powermodule. Then common bar 902 and load bar 900 may be connected tocomplete a circuit. Thus, an isolated circuit is produced for eachrectifier/power module combination. Bus bar 112 may be connected to rack320 via bus bracket 904.

In one embodiment of the use of a bus with a power module, at least onepower input bus, a plurality of power output buses and at least one slotfor a power module may be configured with a power module to form part ofa circuit. Specifically, the slot may be configured with a slot powerand signal connecter configured to engage a power module. The powermodule may be in turn configured to engage with the slot andelectrically couple the input bus to an output bus via another power andsignal connecter.

Power Modules

FIG. 2 and FIG. 10 are illustrative of a signal/power flow embodimentillustrating, in greater detail, the contents of the exemplary enclosure300 and power module system 110. As discussed above, rectifier 108 mayreceive AC power from an off-site utility power source 126. This ACpower is converted by rectifier 108 into DC power 214 and routed to apower module 204 via bus 112. In one instance, power module 204 servesto distribute DC power to the appropriate load 114.

Power module 204 may contain a monitor 208 and a switch 210. In someembodiments, power module 204 may also contain a controller among othercomponents. Alternatively, power module 204 maybe connected to acontroller external to the power module such as controller system 122.Power module 204 may also have mixed distribution types (programmableand non-programmable fixed function distribution types) as a hardwarecost savings measure. In addition, the power module 204 may beconstructed in a modular form. This would allow a single chassis toaccommodate a plurality of power modules. This results in a cost savingsfrom ease of installation and repair.

In FIG. 2 and FIG. 10, power 214 maybe first routed from the rectifier110 to monitor 208 via connection interface 212 and wired connection206. Monitor 208 may be a shunt or similar mechanism to monitor thepower that load 114 consumes. Specifically, monitor 208 serves tomonitor specific circuit currents of telecommunications equipment (load114) to controller system 114. In other embodiments, monitor 208 may beoutside of power module 204. For example, monitor 208 may be a part of atelecommunications equipment unit or a part of controller system 122.Monitor 208 may monitor the power consumption of a single unit oftelecommunications equipment or a plurality of units.

After power 214 is routed through monitor 208, power 214 is then routedto switch 210. The switch 210 may be any sort connection mechanism. Inone embodiment, switch 210 is an electrically operated power disconnectthat allows connection/disconnection of the power output of the powermodule 204 to load 114. A circuit breaker, a relay, a contactor, ordigital FET, are examples of switches.

In one embodiment, controller system 122 instructs switch 210 to connectpower 214 to load 114. Typically controller system 122 is located withinor on enclosure 300. For instance, controller system 122, which maycomprise a single or multiple controllers, may be located within thepower module 204, outside of module 204 or even attached to the exteriorof enclosure 300.

Controller system 122 may receive power consumption information frommonitor 208. As discussed above, monitor 208 may monitor the powerconsumption of a single unit of telecommunications equipment or aplurality of units. Controller system 122 may also receive informationfrom sensors such as temperature sensors, network traffic monitors,battery power level sensors, weather sensors and other sensing devices.

Controller system 122 may also be connected to switch 210 via connectioninterface 212 and wired connection 206. Thus, controller system 122 isable to control the power distributed to each unit of telecommunicationsequipment. Connection/disconnection of power from the load 114 may becontrolled via switch 210 (e.g., by closing or opening the circuit).

In addition, controller system 122 may be programmable to control theconnection/disconnection of power 214 to load 114 based on a variety oftrip events. Such trip events may comprise: DC voltage level, AC powerloss, a predetermined temperature, system current (amp) levels (AC ORDC), battery voltage level, major weather storms, electrical loadmanagement, network traffic management functions, low voltage control,preset time delays or a combination of these events.

Trip events may be detected by monitor 208 and transmitted to controllersystem 122. The trip event is transmitted via wired connection 206 andconnection interface 212. These connections and any other connection inor to the enclosure may be a wired or wireless connection. Trip eventssuch as preset time may be programmed into local controller system 122on-site or transmitted via a network from a remote control center. Oncecontroller system 122 receives the trip event, controller system 122 incommunication with power module 204, may connect/disconnect load 114 viaswitch 210.

Connecting/disconnecting load via power module 204 has many advantagesover traditional power management methods. Traditional power managementmethods have used connections from an I/O board of the controller todirectly interface to the unit of telecommunications equipment. Thisinterface method is complicated and expensive. Specifically, specializedand some times proprietary protocols and hardware (such as controllerboard designs) previously had to be used to interface the controller toeach different piece of telecommunications equipment.

However, connecting controller system 122 to power module 204 to controlconnection/disconnection of the telecommunications equipment creates aprotocol agnostic interface. In other words, power distribution iscontrolled by simply connecting/disconnecting power to eachtelecommunication equipment unit at the circuit level. This enablescontroller system 122 to control a plurality of telecommunicationsequipment with a single type of interface to the power module 204 asopposed to having a separate interface protocol for each separatetelecommunications equipment unit.

The controller may additionally or alternatively be programmed tooperate environmental systems, site access (security) systems, fire orwater detection and/or prevention systems, ventilation systems, controlof generators or any other device that can be operated viaconnecting/disconnecting the switch from a power input.

Thus, controller system's protocol agnostic ability toconnect/disconnect equipment and the ability to monitor equipment at thecircuit level provides dynamic power distribution capability regardlessof the brand or model of equipment used. Additionally, controller system122 is able to identify which units of telecommunications equipment(e.g., which radios) are drawing power on each circuit.

Exemplary Uses of Circuit Level Control

As discussed above, there are a variety of situations at cellular sitesthat power module system 110 can be configured to address. One suchsituation is to conserve power during “green operations.” For example,monitor 208's ability to monitor telecommunications equipment loads atthe circuit level enables controller system 122 to optimize powerconsumption. Specifically, controller system 122 has the capability todecide which specific unit to shut-down according to a variety ofsituations.

In one situation, the piece of telecommunications equipment being usedis a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) radio. The amount oftraffic that the GSM radio is carrying is proportional to the power itconsumes. At non-peak hours, monitor 208 communicates to controllersystem 122 that the power consumption has reduced significantly (due tolower traffic via the GSM radio). Controller system 122 may instructswitch 210 to disconnect power 214 to one or more of the GSM radios. Inaddition, controller system 122 may divert any traffic the GSM radio wastransmitting/receiving to another radio to provide uninterruptedservice.

Additionally or alternatively, power modules 204 and controller system122 may be able to optimize power consumption via a load-based rectifiershutdown. A monitor may be used to monitor a rectifier's load andcommunicate this to controller system 122. Controller system 122 maythen connect/disconnect any appropriate telecommunications equipmentbased on rectifier load.

In another instance, power consumption may be optimized by enforcingprogrammed circuit loads. Specifically, the circuit serving load 114 maybe monitored by monitor 208. When a load on that particular circuitreaches a desired load, controller system 122 may take appropriateaction. One action may be to decrease the internal temperature ofenclosure 300 (or a specific area in enclosure 300) by activating an airconditioner, to notify the remote operations center, etc.

In yet another situation, a remote operations center may instructcontroller system 122, via a network, to connect/disconnect certainunits of telecommunications equipment to accommodate any requirementssuch as to conform to a desired total utility load, adjust costsaccording to power prices during certain times of the day, etc. Forinstance, during peak times of usage the price for power is usuallyhigher than at non-peak times. The remote operations center maycontinually monitor power rates set by power companies and instructcontroller system 122 to disconnect nonessential units oftelecommunications equipment in order to minimize power costs.

Power failure is yet another situation, the power modules and controllersystem 122 can be configured to address. During a power failure, thecontroller system 122 allows remote cellular sites to operate forextended periods without input or control by a remote operations center.Previously, upon detection of a power failure, an on-site generatorwould automatically turn on. However, the generator would runcontinuously until it expended its fuel. Then, the site relied on theremaining power stored in its batteries. Once the batteries ran out, thesite went down.

In contrast, the circuit level control discussed above may providedynamic backup power management, which results in more efficient use ofresources. Specifically, dynamic management on a circuit level resultsin a longer service time during a power failure than with previousmanagement systems. First, upon detection of an off-site power failure,the site initially runs off of battery backup power, and controllersystem 122 begins monitoring the on-site battery levels. Controllersystem 122 may also disconnect, via a switch, lower prioritytelecommunications equipment units. This disconnection of lower priorityequipment units may be performed according to one or more powerconservation profiles stored in memory, and may be performed as-needed(e.g., different equipment units may be turned off at different timesand/or battery levels). Controller system 122 may also consolidatefunctions to certain essential units of telecommunications equipment inorder to disconnect other non-essential pieces of telecommunicationsequipment (e.g., consolidate traffic on one radio rather than multipleradios).

Controller system 122 may identify when the batteries drop below acertain level and require recharging. The battery power level may bemonitored by a battery monitor in communication with controller system122. In this instance, the controller system 122 may activate an on-sitegenerator to provide power to the telecommunications equipment units andto recharge the batteries. Once the batteries are recharged, controllersystem 122 may instruct the switch 210 to disconnect the generator toshut-down and conserve fuel. The telecommunications equipment units willthen transition back to running on battery power. This cycle maycontinue until the generator expends its fuel or AC power is restored.In addition controller system 122 may be configured to shut the sitedown or take other action if the battery charge runs below a threshold.This prevents battery damage.

Thus, dynamic circuit level management of the limited on-site resources(battery power and generator fuel) will enable the site to providelonger service than traditional on-site back-up systems. This isprovided by the controller system's dynamic ability to monitor specifictelecommunications equipment at the circuit level and then to connectand disconnect specific units to dynamically manage power. This resultsin minimum exhaust emission from the generator and a reduction inmaintenance need at the cellular site.

In addition, controller system 122 provides local control that wastraditionally not available during a power failure. Specifically, duringa power failure, remote control via a remote operations center may beunavailable due to a downed communication line or other infrastructurefailure. Controller system 122 therefore provides on-site control thatis independent of off-site communication/power failures.

In the instance that local controller has communication with the remoteoperations center during a power failure, the controller system 122 mayalso serve many purposes. It may allow specific commands from the remoteoperations center to be carried out remotely. The controller system 122may also serve to update the remote operations center on battery andgenerator fuel levels during the power outage. The remote operationscenter may then divert maintenance crews to the sites that requiremaintenance/fuel first.

Modular Control System

FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a control system 122. Inthis particular embodiment, control system is comprised of a modularcontroller drawer 406, a controller rack 1102. The modular docking ofthe controller drawer and controller rack is similar to the power moduleand rack unit docking discussed above. As illustrated, control system112 provides a convenient way of removing/installing a controller drawerin an enclosure. Controller rack 1102 may be mounted in a rack 320. Uponinitial installation, controller rack 1102 typically has data and otherconnectors connected to the controller backplane 1104 connections viathe controller connection interface 1106. Controller drawer 1101 maythen be installed. The controller drawer connects with the controllerconnection interface 1106 via controller wired connection 1108. Thus,controller drawers may be exchanged without disconnecting equipment fromcontroller rack 1102. The controller drawer may contain one or aplurality of controller boards/controllers. Typically, each controllerin the drawer has a corresponding controller wired connection 1108 inthe controller drawer 1101 which itself has a corresponding controllerconnection interface 1106.

As discussed above a controller may provide network connectivity forsuch purposes as providing a webased interface. In addition, thecontroller may provide a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) interface to auser of the enclosure. The controller system 112 can be assigned an IPaddress, either static or dynamically assigned, so it can be polled orused remotely.

Controllers may record analog values, digital values, and in turn,return the same. Thus, any combination of sensors can be made to outputthe desired response. In another embodiment, rather than analog anddigital inputs and outputs, control system 122 can be made tocommunicate to other cell devices using standard communicationprotocols. This method allows advanced communications betweenintelligent devices as needed.

Multiple Area Cooling/Heating

As discussed above, separating areas of the enclosure 300 via dividers310 provides not only advantages to the security of telecommunicationsequipment inside an area(s), but also allows environmental systemsdirectly connected to a first divided area of the enclosure to heat/coolanother area of the enclosure not directly connected to theenvironmental system. In other words, areas associated to a first areamay be used to help cool or heat other areas of the enclosure.

For instance as illustrated in FIG. 12, an enclosure may be divided by adivider which provides an airtight seal. The cooling/heating systemsdirectly connected to these areas may influence the temperature in areasnot directly associated to the heating/cooling systems. In this example,this influence is demonstrated by a cold day interaction 1200. The powerarea 1202 and battery area 1206 are associated to a passive heatexchanger 1204 and a Thermal Electric Cooler (TEC), respectively. Thepower area 1202 and battery area 1206 are both directly associated tothe heating/cooling effects of external solar loads 1210 and externalconvection 1212. Power area 1202, in this example, may only need to bekept at approximately 10 degrees Celsius. However, the battery area mustbe kept above 20 degrees Celsius. Thus, in this non-limiting example,the illustrated components must aid in insuring at battery area 1206maintain a temperature of at least 20 degrees. Power area 1202 may aidthis in transferring heat it receives from the external solar loads1210. In addition, power area 1202 may also heat battery area 1206 viaexternal convection 1212. Also, on a cold day, heat exchanger 1204 isinactive. This inactivity will aid in keeping heat within the enclosureareas. In addition, TEC 1208 may also aid in warming battery area 1206.Thus, various sources of heat are transferred within areas in theenclosure. The transfer may be via heat pipes, conduction of the areadividers, fans, or devices. As discussed above, the transfer does notrequire a direct association of an area to a source of heat.

FIG. 13 illustrates interaction 1300 between airtight areas in anenclosure on a hot day. The associations between areas are similar toFIG. 12. On a hot day, however, battery area may require a temperatureof no more than 30 degrees Celsius while power area may only require thearea be maintained at 50 degrees. Also on the hot day, external solarloads 1310 and external convection 1312 may be heating both the powerarea 1302 and battery area 1306. In some instances, the passive heatexchanger 1304 may not be able to sufficiently cool down the power area1302. Thus, heat may be transferred to battery area 1306. Battery area1306 may in turn be cooled down by the active TEC system 1308. Putdifferently, the TEC may cool the battery area 1306 directly, therebyindirectly cooling the adjacent power area 1302. Thus, on a hot day, thesources of heat generation are also transferred within areas of theenclosure so that components not directly associated to an area maynonetheless aid in maintain that area's temperature.

Exemplary Methods

FIG. 14 is an exemplary method 1400 of configuring a modulartelecommunications equipment enclosure. The method 1400 may, but neednot, be implemented using the architecture shown in the previousfigures.

At 1402, a rack unit is provided. The rack unit may be enclosed within atelecommunications enclosure. The rack units may also be mounted in arack. If the enclosure is placed outdoors, the enclosure is suitablyconfigured to protect the interior from weather and other externalfactors.

As discussed above, the rack unit provides a connecting interface todock with a wired connection on a power module. At 1404, a power moduleis mounted in the rack unit. Specifically, the wired connection on thepower module docks with the connection interface in the rack unit. Aplurality of fasteners may be used to secure the modular enclosure inthe rack unit.

At 1406 a power source is connected to the connection interface. Forinstance, a rectifier may be connected directly to the connectioninterface or a bus may be used as an intermediary.

At 1408 a unit of telecommunications equipment is connected to the wiredconnection interface. A plurality of units may be attached to a singleconnection interface.

Finally, at 1410, a controller is connected to the connection interface.As discussed above, the controller may be housed by the rack, in orhoused at a location outside of the rack or even outside of thetelecommunications equipment enclosure.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an exemplary method 1500 of dynamicallymanaging a telecommunications equipment power module system. The method1500 may, but need not, be implemented using the architecture shown inFIGS. 1 and 2.

At 1502, a plurality of telecommunications equipment units are poweredvia DC power. In this instance, a switch is interposed between eachequipment unit and the power source.

At 1504, a plurality of telecommunications equipment units are monitoredat the circuit level via a monitor coupled to each telecommunicationsequipment unit load. Each monitor is in communication with a controllerfrom controller system 122. The controller is in communication with eachswitch. In this instance, the controller is configured to detect theamount of power each particular unit of telecommunications equipment isconsuming at the circuit level.

This configuration permits the controller to activate/deactivate anytelecommunications equipment unit in a protocol agnostic manner.

Specifically, instead of configuring a controller's I/O board tointerface with each different and sometimes priority telecommunicationsequipment unit interface, activation/deactivation is controlled byconnecting/disconnecting power to the particular equipment unit.

In one instance, the switch and the monitor are contained within a powermodule. This modularity makes installation and maintenance less costlyand less time consuming. In another instance, the monitor and controlconnections are in a power module form that may connect to the powersource. In this way, the power system is reconfigurable with variousdifferent power modules, depending on the particular equipment units atthe telecommunications enclosure.

For instance, for dynamic operations, the modules may be equipped withelectrically operated power disconnects that allowconnection/reconnection of the power output of the module. Thisconnection/reconnection is via a programmable controller that allows theconnection/reconnection of the module loads based on DC voltage level,AC power loss, temperature, system current (amp) levels (AC or DC)and/or preset time delays.

In one embodiment, power modules may be connected together. This allowsmultiple power modules to be used together in a priority configurationwhere first power module is disconnected at a specific set point, andthen, when a second set point is reached, a higher priority power moduleis disconnected etc., or reconnected in a similar manner.

In other embodiments, power modules may be configured for low voltagecontrol, disconnect and recharge re-connect for battery strings.Recharging may be initiated based on battery voltage levels during ACpower outages when the equipment is operating from the batteries.

At 1506, the controller detects a trip event signal. As discussed above,a trip event can be a power outage, a certain temperature within oroutside the enclosure, etc. The trip event may be detected by a monitormonitoring a telecommunications equipment unit or a monitor monitoringtemperature, humidity, earthquake, weather, security conditions, etc.The local controller is configured to connect/disconnect/inform or takeanother predetermined action upon detection of a trip event.

At 1508, in response to detecting the trip even signal, the controllermay instruct the switch to either connect/disconnect to a unit oftelecommunications equipment from the power provided by the powersource. In another instance, the trip event may trigger the controllerto send information to a remote operations center, turn on a generatoror other variety of action in response to the trip event.

Thus, the controller's protocol agnostic ability to connect/disconnectequipment and the ability to monitor equipment at the circuit level,provide dynamic power distribution capability. For instance, thecontroller is able to identify which units of telecommunicationsequipment (e.g., which radios) are drawing power on each circuit, andconnect/disconnect power to a particular circuit. In other words, thecontroller has the ability to dynamically connect/disconnecttelecommunications equipment at the circuit level via software logic.

LED Lighting System

FIG. 16 illustrates an LED system 1600. The LED system 1600 is comprisedof an LED arm 1602 and a light switch 1604. LED system 1600 providesillumination for a user working within enclosure 300. In one embodiment,the LED system 1600 is installed over the door frame of enclosure 300.Installation may be by a bracket, contact adhesive etc. The LED systemmay be installed on the rack 320, rack unit 202 or any other surface inor out of the enclosure 300. In another embodiment, an LED system may beinstalled over the area covered by a subpanel to provide illuminationonly to that area covered by the subpanel.

LED Arm 1602 provides a plurality of LED bulbs to provide illumination.The ARM may be of any desired length or shape. A user would firstactivate the light switch 1604, to activate the LED bulbs on LED Arm1602. This illumination would provide a hands free source ofillumination for a user servicing enclosure 300. Illumination is anon-trivial safety factor as the amount of electricity traveling throughenclosure 300 may present a significant safety hazard. In oneembodiment, the LED system may be powered by DC power.

CONCLUSION

Although the subject matter has been described in language specific tostructural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understoodthat the subject matter defined in the appended claims is notnecessarily limited to the specific features or acts described. Rather,the specific features and acts are disclosed as exemplary forms ofimplementing the claims.

1. A telecommunications equipment power module system comprising: a rackunit with a connection interface configured to couple to a power sourceand a unit of telecommunications equipment; and a power moduleconfigured to mount in the rack unit, the power module comprising: awired connection configured to selectively couple with the connectioninterface; a switch configured to couple with the wired connection; anda monitor configured to monitor power that the unit oftelecommunications equipment consumes from the power source.
 2. Themodule system of claim 1, wherein the connection interface is furthercoupled to a controller which is in connection with the switch.
 3. Themodule system of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to directthe switch to control connection of power from the power source to theunit of telecommunications equipment based on detection of a trip event.4. The module system of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured todirect the switch to disconnect power from the power source to the unitof telecommunications equipment based on detection of a predeterminednumber of times a circuit breaker is tripped.
 5. The module system ofclaim 2, wherein the power module further houses the controller.
 6. Themodule system of claim 1, the power module further comprising a powerdistribution block.
 7. The module system of claim 1, wherein the rackunit has dimensions of two rack units (2 U).
 8. The module system ofclaim 1, wherein the power module system is enclosed within atelecommunications equipment enclosure.
 9. The module system of claim 8,wherein the telecommunications equipment enclosure comprises: aninternal divider configured to substantially separate a first area ofthe enclosure from a second area of the enclosure; an access panelconfigured to allow access to the first area and the second area, theaccess panel comprising a sub-panel configured to allow access to thefirst area while preventing access to the second area; a first lockconfigured to secure the access panel; and a second lock different thanthe first lock, the second lock configured to secure the sub-panel. 10.The module system of claim 1, wherein the monitor comprises a shunt. 11.The module system of claim 1, wherein the switch comprises a circuitcontactor.
 12. A telecommunications equipment power module comprising: amodular enclosure configured to mount in a rack unit, the modularenclosure comprising: a wired connection configured to selectivelycouple with a connection interface attached to the rack unit, theconnection interface configured to couple with a unit oftelecommunications equipment and a power source; a switch configured tocouple with the wired connection; and a monitor configured to monitorpower that the unit of telecommunications equipment consumes from thepower source.
 13. The module of claim 12, wherein the wired connectionis also coupled to a controller which is in connection with the switch.14. The module of claim 13, wherein the controller is configured todirect the switch to control connection of power from the power sourceto the unit of telecommunications equipment based on detection of a tripevent.
 15. The module of claim 13, wherein the controller is configuredto direct the switch to disconnect power from the power source to theunit of telecommunications equipment based on detection of apredetermined number of times a circuit breaker is tripped.
 16. Themodule of claim 12, wherein the modular enclosure is enclosed within atelecommunications equipment enclosure.
 17. The module of claim 12, themodular enclosure further comprising a power distribution block.
 18. Themodule of claim 12, wherein the monitor comprises a shunt.
 19. Themodule of claim 12, wherein the switch comprises a circuit contactor.20. The module of claim 12, wherein the modular enclosure is sized tofit in a one rack unit (1 U) space.
 21. The module of claim 12, whereinthe modular enclosure is sized to fit in a two rack unit (2 U) space.22. A method of configuring a modular telecommunications equipmentenclosure comprising: providing a rack unit enclosed in thetelecommunications equipment enclosure, the rack unit comprising aconnection interface; and mounting a power module in the rack, the powermodule comprising: a wired connection; a monitor coupled to the wiredconnection; and a switch coupled to the wired connection, such that whenthe power module mounts in the rack, the wired connection selectivelyengages with the connection interface.
 23. The method of claim 22,further comprising, connecting a power source to the wired connection.24. The method of claim 22, further comprising, connecting a unit oftelecommunications equipment to the wired connection.
 25. The method ofclaim 22, further comprising, connecting a controller to the wiredconnection.
 26. The module system of claim 23, wherein a powerdistribution block is enclosed in the modular enclosure.
 27. Atelecommunications equipment enclosure, the enclosure comprising: aplurality of panels configured to enclose equipment inside theenclosure, wherein at least one of the plurality of panels is configuredas an access panel, such that the access panel provides access toequipment inside the enclosure; an internal divider configured tosubstantially separate the interior of the enclosure into a first areaand a second area, wherein the access panel includes a sub-panelconfigured to allow access to the first area while preventing access tothe second area; a first lock configured to secure the access panel; anda second lock configured to secure the sub-panel.
 28. The enclosure ofclaim 27, wherein the access panel comprises a door or a hatch.
 29. Theenclosure of claim 27, wherein the sub-panel panel comprises door or ahatch.
 30. The enclosure of claim 27, wherein the first area isthermally substantially isolated from the second area.
 31. The enclosureof claim 27, wherein airflow between the first and second areas isrestricted.
 32. The enclosure of claim 27, further comprising an LED(light emitting diode) lighting system comprising: an arm configured toengage to a surface of a panel; a plurality of LED bulbs engaged to thearm; and a switch interposed between the LED bulbs and an LED switch.